Automatic telephone system



Felxlz, 1957 F. KESSLER 2,781,418

AUTOMATIC TELEPHONE SYSTEM Original Filed Jan. 30, 1953 15 Sheets-Sheet l 11 RC 110 120 I30 FROM JEgE C T01? k k a E 3 t k Q I, E g g E a z E E 7D JEL ECTO/i $100 TELEPHONE E u/PME/vr DIST/9N7 OFF/CE mLL Ll/VE TL 103 CIRCUIT CIRCUIT T INTERTOLL mu/vk CIRCUIT .200

INVENTOR. FR/M/K KESSLER HTTOR/VEY Feb. 12, 1957 F. KESSLER 2,781,418

' AUTOMATIC TELEPHONE SYSTEM Original Filed Jan. 30, 1953 15 Sheets-Sheet 2 l l l e14 l l o/sm/vr #vrmmu oz e g /NG "vfgy/ve 70 TRUNK v I? K K nmv cm OFZCE -1 CIRCUIT 1 CIRCUIT RSI c/ncu/r 5 200 900 1000 F. l I

s14 SELECTOR c INCOM/NG I SE15 070R I 3 490 $0 #vcomme 65450701? "g-2 OUZGIOVING l 80 v 7' U K 'f CIRCUIT I J09 I l 91 l 0,: I 21 410 v i i EXCbfi/VGE I EXC/lfi/VGE 2 FIG. FIG. F76. F76. FIG. F76. F76. FIG F/G. FIG. FIG. I 2 J 7 0 8 10 11 12 I3 14 FIG. r/e. FIG. 4 5 6 we. #76. FIG. F16. F16. FIG. #76. #76. F16. F76. F76. FIG.

I .2 3 7 0 8 I0 [I 7 12 13 I4 FIG. FIG. FIG.

- INVENTOR. Ffifi/Wf KEJJLEV? FfiJ6 y HTTO/P/VEY Feb. 12, 1957 F. KESSLER 2,781,418

AUTOMATIC TELEPHONE SYSTEM Original Filed Jan. $50, 1953 15 Sheets-Sheet 7 su er? v OUTGOING mun/1r CIRCUIT 4'00 INVENmR W l M nrromvEv F. KESSLER AUTOMATIC TELEPHONE SYSTEM Feb. 12, 1957 2,781,418

Original Filed Jan. 30, 1953 15 Sheets-Sheet 11 0111021 1 1032 it; 1031 3 I K1011 w I i i Q 1 k k K1010 I l I I .5 3g Z- K1012 l I E E l l g 100134 l i 1 1 l 3 (+1 I l I a R0 DELHY MHRG/NHL 1010B DIRE'OT GROUND //VCOM/N6 TRUNK C/RCU/r 1000 INVENTOR.

. FRfi/VK KEJJL 5/? i 10 WWM I RELEHJEI Feb. 12, 1957 F. KESSLER AUTOMATIC TELEPHONE SYSTEM Original Filed Jan. T50, 1953 JJIJO 15 Sheets-Sheet 14 RELEASE MFG/VET 'SW/TC/l THROUGH I I I I i "1346' I l l l i l I I a I I I 1349 l I 1349 5:;1- 1 i l 2 1 I I I Hi A {pm-r490 13253 CO /N CONTROL CON/VECTOR 1200 INVENTOR FTTOP/VEY United States Patent AUTOMATIC TELEPHONE SYSTEM Fraul Kessler, Los Angeles, Calif., assignor, by mesne assignments, to General Dynamics Corporation, a corporation of Delaware Original application January 30, 1953, Serial No. 334,197. Divided and this application January 7, 1954, Serial No. 409,472

3 Claims. (Cl. 179-16) This invention relates to electro-mechanical telephone systems and more particularly to intertoll dial system. This invention may be used in conjunction with equipment shown in a co-pending application, Serial No. 308,240, filed September 6, 1952 by Leon H. Reagan, now Patent 2,726,285, granted December 6, 1955, both this and the subject application having the same assignee. This application is a division of co-pending application Serial No. 334,197 filed January 30, 1953.

Telephone equipment is arranged for both local and distant calls. In the past, distant calls have been handled by a procedure according to which an operator at a first exchange calls an operator at a second exchange; then the operator at the second exchange completes the call by means of any suitable equipment. If there is electromechanical switching equipment at the second exchange, the operator thereat may control this equipment for seizing the called partys line and for signaling thereover. This type of call is known as a toll call.

Recently, means has been developed for permitting an operator to call a distant exchange, seize automatic equipment thereat and directively control that equipment for seizing and signaling a local called subscriber. In this case, the services of an operator at the distant exchange are no longer required and therefore the originating operator must be provided with means for performing all necessary functions which formerly had been controlled locally by the operator at the distant exchange. This type of call is known as intertoll dialing.

Some difliculty has arisen due to the fact that toll and intertoll calls must be treated differently. One solution might be to provide duplicate sets of equipment at the distant office, one set being used on toll calls, and the other set being used for intertoll dialing; however, this solution is expensive and seriously reduces the flexibility of the telephone equipment. On the other hand, my invention provides means for using the same equipment on all types of calls. For example, on intertoll calls, the originating operator may control ringing and the disposition of coins by means of the same equipment used on toll calls. Furthermore, all necessary supervisory signals are returned in each case.

An object of this invention is to provide an improved method of controlling pad insertion.

This and other objects will be apparent to those skilled in the art after having studied the following description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1A shows a block diagram of how the circuit functions;

Figs. 1-3, when properly joined, show an intertoll trunk circuit for terminating a two-way trunk line;

Figs. 4, 5 and 6 show an outgoing trunk circuit for use by a toll operator;

Fig. 7 shows an incoming selector which may be used in connection with local, toll and intertoll calls;

Figs. 8 and 9 show an outgoing trunk circuit for terminating a trunk leading to a distant office;

Figs. 10 and 11 show an incoming trunk circuit for terminating a trunk from a distant otfice;

Figs. 12, 13 and 14 show a coin control connector switch which may be used on local, toll, intertoll and tandem calls;

Fig. 15 shows how the remainder of the drawings should be arranged to form a complete circuit; and

Fig. 16 shows an optional arrangement for tandem calls wherein a duplicate of Fig. 7 may be inserted between Figs. 11 and 12.

The circuits of Figs. l-14 illustrate the battery connections by conventional symbols. As is the case in most telephone circuits, the positive terminal is described as connected with ground. For this reason, I refer to the negative pole as battery and the positive pole as grounded It should be understood that this condition could be reversed or that any other well-known power source may be used without changing my invention.

Brief description Fig. 1A is a schematic diagram to illustrate the manner in which various calls may be made. One type of call is that which extends from distant office 10 over toll line TL103 to intertoll trunk circuit 200. Incoming selector S700 may be seized and operated from distant office 10 either to complete a call local to exchange 1 by way of connector 20 or to complete a tandem call to a still more distant office, exchange 2, by way of outgoing trunk circuit 900 and conductors T5 and R5. In the case of a local call, trunk circuit 200 repeats digit pulses received over toll line TL103 to step incoming selector S700 to a desired level after which it searches in its secondary direction for idle equipment, such as connector 20, for example. Further digit pulses are repeated by trunk circuit 206 and by incoming selector S700 to connector 20 for seizing 21 called subscriber 21. Proper supervision signals are returned in the event that selector S700 reaches its overflow position without finding idle equipment and also in the event that called subscriber 21 is busy. In the case of tandem calls, all digit pulses received from distant oflice 10 are repeated by incoming selector S700, outgoing trunk circuit 900 and incoming trunk circuit 1000.

Another type of call is that which originates in exchange 1. In this case operator OP410 may utilize outgoing trunk circuit 500 for operating selector 30 which may seize connector 20 for completing a local call, or which may seize outgoing trunk circuit 900 for calling exchange 2, or which may seize intertoll trunk circuit 200 for calling distant olfice 10.

Still another type of call which may originate in ex change 1 is one by way of a calling operator OP314 who may seize intertoll trunk circuit 200 directly, following which she may transmit suitable switch directing signals over toll line TL103 for setting a switch train in distant oflice 10. Or, operator 01 314 may call another operator in distant ofiice 10 without the use of any intervening switch trains. I

In each of the calls, means is provided for extending and returning all necessary supervision signals such as overflow, busy line, coin collect and refund, and automatic and delayed ringing.

It is thought that a more complete understanding will be had by a detailed description of Figs. 1-14 which show the specific circuits of elements illustrated in Fig. 1A as hollow rectangles. For example, distant ofiice 10, shown in Fig. 1, may include operator position OP109 which has access to toll line TL103 by way of an intertoll trunk circuit TC111 and any suitable toll line equipment TL111. In some instances, intertoll trunk circuit TC111 may be seized directly by a switch train included in telephone equipment at the distant ofiice. Similarly, either operator Patented Feb. 12, 1957 r OP100 or the equipment in the distant ofiice may be seized from intertoll trunk circuit TC111. Intertoll trunk circuit 200, which may be the same as circuit TC111, is shown in Figs. 1-3. Operator OP410 is shown near the left of Fig. 4, while outgoing trunk circuit 500 is shown in Figs. 4-6. Operator OP314 is shown near the right of Fig. 3. T o avoid having to show two selectors and two connectors, it is assumed that both of the selectors 30 and S700 are identical and therefore only one is shown in Fig. 7. It should be understood that the selector shown in Fig. 7 may be seized either from over conductors T1, R1, S1 and H81 which represent cable 40 (Fig. 1A) or over conductors T2, R2 and HSZ which represent cable 50 (Fig. 1A). In like manner, connectors 20 and 1200 are assumed to be identical and therefore only one is shown in Figs. 12-14. In this case, cable 60 (Fig. 1A) represents cable 800 in Figs. 8-11, and cable 70 (Fig. 1) represents the conductors connecting Figs. 11 and 12. Outgoing trunk circuit 900 is shown in detail in Figs. 8 and 9 while incoming trunk circuit 1000 is shown in detail in Figs. 10 and 11.

Seizure The first call to be described is one in which an operator OP100 receives a call in any conventional mannersuch as by way of a plug and jack arrangement or automatic switch train, for example (neither of which is s'hown)for coin telephone (381411, which in this case corresponds to subscriber 21 in Fig. 1A. She learns that the call is for another ofiice which may be reached by way of a toll line such as T1103, for example. Therefore to forward this call, she first interconnects plug P101 and jack I102 thereby seizing intertoll trunk circuit T C111. The other end of toll line TL103 is signaled by any conventional means so that toll line TL103 may be marked busy thereat, thus preventing the possible interconnection occasioned by two calls seizing the same trunk simultaneously from both ends. These operations may involve any suitable equipment at operator position OP100, such as that shown by the copending application of Leon H. Reagan 308,240, filed September 6, 1952, now Patent 2,726,285 for example.

Assuming that a device such as that shown by Reagan is used, signaling circuit TL112 is provided with M1 and E1 leads over which a seizure signal is extended and then over dial leg conductor DL110 to signal circuit TL122 where the E conductor is marked, thereby operating signal relay 140 (Fig. 2). Operation of signal relay 140 energizes release delay relay 210 from grounded through operated contacts 143, and the winding of relay 210 to battery. Since digit pulses are to operate and release signal relay 140 alternately, it is necessary to provide a slow release holding relay such as 210, which will not restore during intermittent pulsing, if equipment is not to be released. Therefore, relay 210 opcrates and holds such equipment. For example, the operation of relay 210 connects grounded from normally closed contacts 312 (Fig. 2), through operated contacts 215, to outgoing conductor S1, to hold the incoming selector switch of Fig. 7 when it operates. Operation of release delay relay 210 also connects grounded from operated contacts 216 to battery by way of winding 250B on the supervisory relay; however, this relay does not operate at this time since it is difierentially wound and since there is not enough flux in the lower winding alone to pull the relay. Relay 240 operates from grounded through operated contacts 216, and the winding of relay 240 to battery and in turn connects a ground marking to conductor S over a path which may be traced from grounded through operated contacts 248. This marking prevents seizure of intertoll trunk circuit 200 by another call from an outgoing selector. Operation of relay 240 also lights busy lamp L320 from grounded through operated contacts 241, and busy lamp L320 to battery, thereby guarding visibly against seizure by an operator such as OP314,

for example, by interconnecting plug CD311 and a jack 1310.

Returning to the operation of signal relay 140 means is provided, responsive thereto, for seizing and preparing incoming selector S700 so that it may be effective later when switch directing pulses are received. That is, calling bridge relay 730 is energized from grounded through winding 730A, normally closed contacts 721 and PD711, conductor T1, operated contacts 212, normally closed contacts 125, repeating coil winding RC113, normally closed contacts 128, operated contacts 244, winding 250A of the differentially Wound supervisory relay, operated contacts 246, normally closed contacts 129A, repeating coil winding RC114, normally closed contacts 129C, operated contacts 21 and 141, normally closed contacts 311, conductor R1, contacts PD712 and 723, and winding 73013 to battery. Diiferentially wound supervision relay 250 does not operate at this time due to the direction in which the current flows. Operation of calling bridge relay 730 energizes release delay relay 740 from grounded through normally closed release magnet contacts M713, and operated contacts 731 to battery by way of the winding of relay 740. Here again a slow release holding relay is necessary to hold switch S700 and other equipment during subsequent pulsing; therefore operation of relay 740 connects grounded (-l-) through operated contacts 745 to the sleeve S1. Operation of release delay relay 7 40 also removes grounded at normally closed contacts 741 to prevent the operation of release magnet M711 which otherwise might release selector switch S700 before the call is completed. Calling bridge relay 730 further prepares selector switch S700 by energizing the X delay relay, 750, from grounded through normally closed contacts M713, operated contacts 731, normally closed X otf-normal contacts M8712, and winding 750A to battery. This operation of X delay relay 750 prepares a pulsing circuit to X magnet M716 via contacts 752 (magnet M716 is not operated since contacts 732 are now open).

Dialing first digit Selector switch S700 is now prepared to receive switch directing signals. Briefly, the operator at position OP proceeds to transmit digit signals in any suitable manner such as by pulsing over conductor M1 and dial leg DL to signal circuit TL122 where the signal pulses are repeated to conductor E for pulsing signal relay 140, thereby opening and closing contacts 141 to which calling bridge relay 730 responds. Contacts 732 follow these pulses to open and close the operating path to the X magnet for moving selector S700 in its primary motion. During this pulsing period X delay relay 750 holds; however, after the receipt of the last pulses, it releases to switch the stepping circuit for moving the switch in the Y direction.

More specifically, as relay restores intermittently responsive to the incoming pulses on conductor E, slow release shunt relay 110 is energized intermittently from rounded (-l-) on contacts 142, through operated contacts 218, and the winding of shunt relay 110 to battery. Relay 110 operates and energizes a second shunt relay 230 over a path which may be traced from grounded through operated contacts 116 and the winding of relay 230 to battery. This relay operates to place a multiple marking on busy lamp L320 and on conductor S of cable 700. Electrolytic capacitor C210 is charged from grounded on contacts 116 through operated contacts 249A of switch relay 240; however, this device has no utility at this time. At contacts 112 and 113, shunt relay 110 opens the circuit extending between toll line equipment TL121 and repeating coils RC111 and RC112. Resistor R110 remains connected across the toll line by way of operated contacts 232 and 226 in parallel. This is to compensate for the removal of the repeating coil windings R0111 and RC112 while pulses are being received, and to eliminate the momentary unbalancing effect of intermittent pulses on toll line equipment such as TL111 and TL121, for example. In addition to the foregoing, shunt relay 110 also closes contacts 115 to connect grounded from closed contacts 312 and 115 to outgoing conductor 81 in parallel with contacts 215. This is to hold succeeding equipment in an operated condition. The operation of relay 110 also connects variable resistor R120 across repeating coil windings RC111 and RC112 at operated contacts 114; however, this device has no utility at this time since it relates to the correction of pulsing characteristics on outgoing calls.

For the purpose of explanation, it will be assumed that the first digit to be dialed is the digit 1. It may be recalled that the pulsing path to calling bridge relay 730 is traced from grounded through winding 730A, contacts 721 and PD711, conductor T1, contacts 111, 141 and 311, conductor R1, contacts PD712 and 723 to battery via winding 730B. Responsive to the digit pulse, signal relay 140 opens and closes contacts 141 once to release and reoperate calling bridge relay 730 once which in turn closes contacts 732 once to energize the X magnet M716 causing selector switch 8700 to take one step. The operating path for X magnet M716 extends from grounded through operated contacts 744, normally cloescl contacts 732, operated contacts 752, and normally closed Y off-normal contacts M8716 to battery through the Winding of X magnet M716. The grounded marking from operated contacts 744 is also connected to winding 750B each time calling bridge relay 730 restores contacts 732; therefore, relay 750 remains operated due to its slow release characteristic even though the original operating path for coil winding 750A is opened at X cit-normal contacts M8712 as the switch takes its first step in the X direction.

Following the receipt of the first pulse train, contacts 732 remain open and selector switch 8700 prepares for its secondary motion. That is, in the case of the digit I assumed above, contacts 732 are opened responsive to seizure, closed once responsive to a pulse received over conductor E and opened again responsive to the termination of that pulse. It might be worth noting that shunt relay 110 also releases after its slow release time interval since contacts 142 remain open after the receipt of the last digit pulse. After contacts 732 have been open longer than the slow release time interval of relay 750, it restores to energize hunt assist relay 760 from grounded through now closed contacts 751, operated contacts 743, operated X ofi-normal contacts M8715 and resting Y off-normal contacts M8713, the winding of hunt assist relay 760, and normally closed contacts M712 to battery. Upon operating, relay 760 closes a holding circuit to itself from grounded through operated contacts 744 and 761, normally closed contacts M715, the winding of hunt assist relay 760 and normally closed contacts M712 to battery. A path is now completed for operating Y magnet M714 including battery, the winding of Y magnet M714, closed contacts 762 and 744 to grounded This pulls the Y magnet to step brushes BR710 one step in the secondary or Y direction and also to open Y interrupter springs M715 thereby opening the holding circuit for relay 760. This in turn opens contacts 762 thereby restoring Y magnet M714 and closing interrupter contacts M715.

The next operation depends upon whether an idle trunk is found as selector S700 hunts out during the cyclic operation of the hunt assist relay and the Y magnet. For example, if the first bank contact encountered by brush BR713 is connected to ground due to a busy condition, hunt assist relay 760 reoperates from the busy ground through connected brush BR713, normally closed contacts 727, overflow springs M8714 and Y interrupter springs M715, to the winding of relay 760, and normally closed contacts M712 on release magnet M711 to battery. Relay 760 reoperates again to energize Y magnet M714 stepping the switch brushes including BR713 to the sec ond bank contact. Once more relay 760 de-energized when Y interrupter contacts M715 open. This cyclic operation of relay 760 and Y magnet M714 continues either until an overflow position is reached or until an idle trunk is found.

First, let it be assumed that brush BR713 encounters a busy ground on'every step. The switch then hunts out to the end of its level after which various overflow springs open. Springs M8714 open to break the path to hunt assist relay 760, thus stopping the switch. Switch relay 720 does not operate at this time since ground is connected to both sides of its winding; one being from brush BR713 over contacts 727, and the other being by way of contacts M8715, 743 and 751.

Overflow contacts M8719 are operated to transmit a signal to operator position OP as an indication of overflow. More specifically, grounded is connected through operated overflow contacts M8719, contacts 753, resistor R710, conductor H81, operated contacts 217, closed contacts 117, and windings 310B and 320B of the direct ground relays to battery. It should be noted that marginal relay 320 is designed not to operate in this circuit since resistor R710 limits the current flow to below the level which is necessary for this relays operation. However, relay 310 does operate to complete a locking circuit for itself from grounded on operated contacts 216, through closed contacts 313 and winding 310A to battery. Relay 310 also connects ground interrupted at the rate of times per minute to busy flash relay 330 through operated contacts 315 and normally closed contacts 325. As relay 330 follows each 120 I. P. M. pulse, the grounded normally connected to signaling lead M through closed contacts 318, 334, 251 and 263, is replaced by battery through resistance lamp L310 and operated contacts 335 and 318; hence, it is seen that signaling lead M is alternatively switched between ground and battery to produce a visible overflow indication at operator position OP100.

Means is provided for restoring equipment responsive to overflow. That is, direct ground relay 310 opens the holding loop for calling bridge relay 730 at contacts 311. This causes relay 730 to release which in turn restores selector switch 8700 to its normal condition. More specifically, contacts 731 open and after a slight delay, relay 740 releases to complete an operate path to release magnet M711 from grounded through normally closed contacts 741 and 725, operated X off-normal contacts M8711 to battery by way of release magnet M711. Release magnet M711 opens its contacts M713 and M712 to prevent any possible reoperation of relays 740 and 760 during the mechanical release procedure. Still another function of relay 310 is to remove the busy marking from selector 8700 by opening contacts 312 to remove the holding ground from sleeve 81.

The calling operator now restores the intertoll trunk by opening the holding ground on E conductor thus restoring relay and all other equipment used in the dialing procedure.

Idle trunk found Assuming next that a free circuit is found by selector 8700 as it moves in its secondary motion responsive to the cyclic operation of the hunt assist relay and the Y magnet, no ground is connected to brush BR713 when it stops. Switch relay 720 operates from grounded through normally closed contacts 751, operated contacts 743, operated X off-normal springs M8715,- the winding of relay 720, overflow springs M8714, contacts M715, the winding of relay 760 and normally closed contacts M712 to battery. It might be noted that switch relay 720 did not operate on busy lines since the operating battery was shunted to busy ground on brush BR713 at contacts 727. Hunt assist relay 760 is designed so that it will not operate in series with the winding of relay 720; therefore, the cyclic. operation is broken and the switch stops. Operation of switch relay 720 opens contacts 721 thereby disconnecting conductor T1 from winding 730A. In a similar manner, contacts 723 disconnects the R1 conductor and winding 730B, releasing relay 730. At contacts 722 and 724, relay 720 connects conductors T1 and R1 to brushes BR711 and BR712 thus completing the talking path through selector S700. Upon restoring, calling bridge relay 730 opens contacts 731 thereby releasing relay 740 which opens contacts 745 after a brief interval determined by the slow release characteristic of relay 740 to remove the grounded marking from sleeve conductor S1 since by this time a grounded marking will have been received from the next equipment over brush BR713 and extended through operated contacts 728. Release magnet M711 is prevented from operating responsive to the release of relay 740 since contacts 725 are opened by switch relay 720. Relay 720 locks to grounded from operated contacts 745 through 726 during the interval between the opening of contacts 727 and the application of ground to conductor S3 by the next circuit. Conductor HSI, from the preceding circuit, is now connected through operated contacts 729A and brush BR714 to conductor HS3.

Pad control is by way of element M8718 which is an auxiliary or X bank of selector S700; that is, each time that switch S700 advances in the primary direction,

Connector operation To review briefly, a call has been placed for a subscriber in a distant oflice by operator position OP100. The operator interconnected plug P101 and jack 1102 thereby extending the call to selector 5700 by way of intertoll trunk circuit 200. She then dialed the proper digits for directing selector S700 in its primary or X direction after which it automatically is caused to search in its secondary or Y direction for an idle connector. If none was found, selector S700 released and an overflow signal was returned in the form of 120 I. P. M. flashes; however, if an idle connector was found, relay 720 operated to switch through. Therefore, assuming that switchthrough has occurred, the connector is ready to complete the call to a called subscriber. For the purpose of explaining this invention, it is assumed that coin control connector 1200 is to be used. This switch may be different from selector S700 in that the selector is a flat type two motion step-by-step switch of the type which is sold under the trademark XY, while connector 1200 may be a vertical-rotary two motion step-by-step switch.

' Following the operation of switchthrough relay 720, a pulsing loop is completed to the calling bridge relay 1220 of connector 1200. That is, the loop circuit formerly holding the calling bridge relay 730 of selector S700 is now transferred by the operation of contacts 722 and 724, to conductors T3 and R3 which are connected to Fig. 12 by way of cable 800. Calling bridge relay 1220 operates over the path from grounded through winding 1220A, normally closed contacts 1341 and 1211, the loop including conductor T3, brush BR711 and contacts 722, 111, 141, 311 and 724 and back over brush BR712 and conductor R3 to normally closed contacts 1213, and

() battery through winding 1220B. Operation of relay 1220 energizes release delay relay 1230 from grounded through operated contacts 1222 and the winding of release delay relay 1230 to battery. Operation of relay 1230 connects grounded through operated contacts 1233 to incoming conductor S3 thereby holding the preceding equipment in its operated position.

Connector switch 1200 is now prepared to receive two 7 additional digit pulse trains which operator OP100 may transmit. Again, relay intermittently opens the pulsing loop at contacts 141 as each digit pulse is received over conductor E. Relay 1220 follows by restoring on each such pulse. During this pulsing, contacts 1222 open and close; however relay 1230 does not restore due to its slow release characteristic. As calling bridge relay 1220 restores on the first digit pulse, vertical magnet M1311 and changeover relay 1260 operate in series from grounded through closed contacts 1221, operated contacts 1232, closed vertical off-normal contacts VON- 1211, and through the windings of relay 1260 and vertical magnet M1311, to battery. As brushes BR1410 move one step in the vertical direction, oil-normal contacts VON1211 are opened and contacts VON1212 are closed. During each succeeding pulse, vertical magnet M1311 is operated to elevate brushes BR1410; however, changeover relay 1260 remains operated during the succeeding intermittent pulses due to its slow release characteristics. After contacts VON1211 open, the operating grounded for vertical magnet M1311 is by way of closed contacts 1232, VON1212 and 1262, and the windings of changeover relay 1260 and vertical magnet M1311 to battery.

When the first digit pulse train is completed, changeover relay 1260 restores to transfer the pulsing circuit to rotary magnet M1312 at contacts 1261. As calling bridge relay 1220 restores on the first pulse of the second digit, rotary magnet M1312 and rotary delay relay 1330 operate from grounded through closed contacts 1221, operated contacts 1232 and VON1212, normally closed contacts 1261, 1322 and 1346 to battery by way of rotary magnet M1312 and in parallel therewith through the winding of rotary delay relay 1330. Upon operating, relay 1330 completes a holding circuit for itself through operated contacts 1331, so that it remains operated during the second digit pulses due to its slow release characteristic. Operation of relay 1330 also connects brush BR1413 to busy relay 1320 over the path extending from brush BR1413 through operated contacts 1333, normally closed contacts 1347 and the winding of busy rela 1320 battery. Rotary magnet M1312 operates on each pulse in the last digit pulse train, thereby rotating the switch into connection with the called line.

Called line busy If the called line is busy, bank contact S4 is connected to ground and busy relay 1320 operates from gr und forwarded from contact C1401 from another connector through bank contact S4, brush 1318.14.13, operated contacts 1333 and normally closed contacts 1347 to battery through relay 1320. Rotary delay relay 1.330 restores after a brief interval of time determined b its slow release characteristics following the completion of the second digit. However, busy relay 1320 remains operated from grounded through operated contacts 1233 and 1324, normally closed contacts 1334 and 1347, and through the winding of relay 1320 to battery. At contacts 1322, relay 1320 opens the operating circuit to rotary delay relay 1330 and rotary magnet M1312. Busy tone is returned through capacitor C1320 and operated contacts 1321, to incoming conductor T3 to indicate an in-use condition to a local calling party; however, this signal has no purpose at this time since the call originated at a distant oflice.

To return a busy signal to an intertoll operator, it is necessary to transmit suitable pulses over the M conductor. For this purpose, relay 1320 operates on connection to a busy line to close contacts 1325 thereby extending a grounded marking over contacts 1215, conductor H83, cable 800, brush BR714, operated contact 729A, conductor H81, contacts 217, 117 to battery by way of relays 310 and 320 in series. Relay 310 and marginal relay 320 operate in series. Upon operation, direct ground relay 320 closes a holding circuit for itself from grounded through operated contacts 216 and 324, normally closed contacts 271, and winding 320A to battery. When both direct ground relays 310 and 320 operate, a source of 60 impulses per minute is connected through operated contacts 314 and 326 to battery through the winding of busy flash relay 330. Relay 330, now intermittently operating at 60 I. P. M., alternately connects the M conductor between battery by way of resistance lamp L310 and grounded at contacts 334 and 335. This controls a visual indication to calling operator OP100 that the called telephone is in use. Operation of direct ground relays 310 and 320 also connects a tone which is superimposed on the 60 I. P. M. ground source to conductor T of the toll trunk, the tone being connected through operated contacts 314 and 316, capacitor C310, normally closed contacts 333, operated contacts 328, 214, normally closed contacts 129C and repeating coil winding RC114 for an audible indication to the calling operator that the called telephone is in use.

Incidentally, it may be recalled that on calls where selector S700 encountered an all trunks busy condition on overflow a similar marking is forwarded; however, in this case the busy marking from selector S700 is by way of contacts M8719 and 753 and by resistor R710 which is suificient to keep marginal relay 320 from operating. Stated another way, means is provided in the intertoll trunk circuit for distinguishing between the types of busy condition by the inclusion or exclusion of resistor R710 as it controls the operation of marginal relay 320. If relay 320 does not operate 120 I. P. M. is connected to busy flash relay 320 while if relay 320 does operate 60 I. P. M. is connected. The operator distinguishes by the rate of flashing. For a description of all trunks busy, see the section above entitled Overflow.

The calling operator now restores intertoll trunk circuit 200 to its normal condition as will be described later in the section entitled Release.

Called line idle Assuming that the called line is idle, when seized by connector 1200, a circuit must be closed for signaling the called subscriber. That is, connector 1200 steps out under the direction of the second digit pulse train. Brush BR- 1413 comes to rest on the sleeve contact individual to the called line and since the line is idle a battery marking is connected from contacts C1400 to complete a circuit for energizing switchthrough relay 1340, the circuit being traced from brush BR1413 through contacts 1332, the winding of relay 1340 to grounded through contacts 1323 and 1233. Relay 1340 operates and locks at contacts 1349 to grounded through contacts 1234. Contacts 1340B connect grounded to brush BR1413 thereby marking coin station CS1411 busy to other connector switches corresponding to connector 1200. Relay 1340 also connects grounded to brush BR1411 from normally closed contacts 1271, through operated contacts 1343, normally closed contacts 1351, 1411 and 1421, brush BR1411, bank contact T4, line circuit 111410, to coin station CS1411 which has ringer R1411 bridged across line conductors T4 and R4 for audible signaling the called party, the ringing circuit being further completed by way of conductor R4, brush BR1412, contacts 1425, 1414, 1352, 1344 and 1273 to an A. C. generator through winding 1270B. Relay 1340 also connects the output of an A. C. generator through winding 1270B, normally closed contacts 1273, operated contacts 1344 and 1345, capacitors C1240 and C1220, and to incoming conductor R3 for returning an audible tone to calling op erator OP each time that ringing current is projected from the A. C. generator to conductor R4. Switch- .through relay 1340 also transfers incoming conductor T3 to include contacts 1251 in the connection to winding 1220A. These contacts will be explained later in the section headed Coin Control.

The called party hears ringer R1411 and responds by removing his receiver, or handset, thereby terminating ringing. More specifically, the ringer is disconnected by the hookswitch and a loop is connected across conductors T4 and R4 to operate ring relay 1270 over a path including the A. C. generator and the winding of ring relay 1270, contacts 1273, 1344, 1352, 1414, 1425, the loop to coin station CS1411 and back over contacts 1421, 1411, 1351, 1343 and 1271 to grounded Upon operating, relay 1270 completes a holding circuit for itself from grounded through operated contacts 1233, normally closed contacts 1311, contacts 1275, and wind ing 1270A t-o battery. Contacts 1275 are "x or preliminary contacts which close before contacts 1273 open. Relay 127 0 also opens the ringing path at contacts 1271 and 1273 and connects incoming conductors T3 and R3 to outgoing conductors T4 and R4 through con tacts 1272 and 1274.

Means is provided for signaling the operator that the call has been answered. That is, since the called party has removed his receiver or handset, the loop circuit across conductors T4 and R4 is completed to operate relay 1210 :ovcr a circuit from grounded through winding 1210A, operated contacts 1272 and 1343, normally closed contacts 1351, 1411 and 1421, brush BR1411, the called party loop and back to brush BR1412, normally closed contacts 1425, 1414 and 1352, operated contacts 1344 and 1274 and through winding 1210B to battery. This operation of answer bnidge relay 1210 reverses the direction of cuurent to the incoming conduo tors T3 and R3 at contacts 1211 and 1212 and at contacts 1213 and 1214, to energize supervisory relay 250 (Fig. 2) so that a signal may be returned to operator OP100. The operating path for relay 250 extends from grounded through winding 1220A, contacts 1251, 1342, 1214, conductor R3, cable 800, brush BR712, contacts 724, conductor R1, contacts 311, 141, 214, 129C, coil RC114, contacts 129A, 246, winding 250A, contacts 244, 128, coil RC113, contacts 125, 212, conduct-or T1, contacts 722, brush BR711, conductor T3, cable 800, and contacts 1212 to battery through winding 1220B. The direction of current flow is such that supervisory relay 250 operates to remove grounded firom signaling lead M at contacts 251 and to connect battery through resistance lamp L310 at contacts 252 for con trolling a visual indication means (not shown) at calling operator position OP100, thereby informing her that the called party has answered.

Release It makes no ditference which party hangs up first because operator OP100 receives -a suitable supervisory signal in either case and responsive thereto she disconnects plug P101 and jack 1102 to release the equipment shown. It the calling party hangs up first this signal may be extended by any suitable means (not shown) in oifice 10; therefore it is to be assumed that the called party hangs up first.

Following conversation, the called party restores his receiver and a signal indicative of this fact is returned to operator OP100. More specifically, the hookswitch at coin station CS1411 opens the circuit to answer bridge relay 1210 responsive to the called party replacing the receiver. Relay 1210 restores and returns the battery connections to normal at contacts 1211 and 1213. Since this again reverses the current flow to its natural direction, differentially wound supervisory relay 250 releases. Responsive thereto grounded is extended to con- 

